IFRS 16 · Construction

IFRS 16 Lease Calculator
for Construction

Pre-configured for construction entities with project-based equipment leases, site accommodation, and the interaction between IFRS 16 lease accounting and IFRS 15 contract revenue recognition.

Lease Terms

If checked, ROU asset depreciates over useful life instead of lease term (IFRS 16.32)

IFRS 16 Lease Audit Working Paper Template & Checklist — free PDF

Quick reference card, IBR documentation template, lease assessment flowchart, and audit working paper template. Plus one practical audit insight per week.

No spam. Unsubscribe anytime.

IFRS 16.26 — At the commencement date, a lessee shall measure the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at that date.

IFRS 16.23–24 — At the commencement date, a lessee shall measure the right-of-use asset at cost.

ISA 500 — Sufficient appropriate audit evidence for the lease liability as independent audit evidence.

ISA 540 — Auditing accounting estimates — applies to the IBR determination and lease term judgment.

IFRS 16 for Construction — Practical Guidance

Construction companies typically have high-volume, short-duration lease portfolios — tower cranes, excavators, temporary site offices, scaffolding, and specialist equipment that moves from project to project. The short-term lease exemption (IFRS 16.5(a)) for leases of 12 months or less is heavily used in construction, but entities must assess each lease individually and cannot assume all project equipment qualifies. The interaction between IFRS 16 and IFRS 15 contract accounting is critical — lease costs are part of contract costs that feed into percentage-of-completion revenue recognition.

Measurement Considerations for Construction

For construction equipment leased for specific projects, the lease term determination is the key judgment. A crane lease for a 24-month project with no renewal option is straightforward. But a lease with a 6-month initial term plus monthly renewals, where the entity expects to renew for the project duration, requires assessment under IFRS 16.18–19: is the entity reasonably certain to renew? If the equipment is essential to the project and relocation costs are high, reasonable certainty of renewal may extend the lease term beyond the initial contractual period.

ROU Asset Depreciation for Construction

Construction entities must consider how IFRS 16 costs flow through to contract accounting under IFRS 15. Depreciation of the ROU asset and interest on the lease liability are contract costs that are included in the measure of progress toward completion. If a crane is dedicated to a single contract, its IFRS 16 costs (depreciation plus interest) form part of that contract's cost base. If equipment is shared across contracts, the entity must allocate IFRS 16 costs systematically. This affects both revenue recognition timing and contract profitability assessment.

Industry-Specific Considerations

The short-term lease exemption is widely used in construction but requires careful application. A lease with a term of 12 months or less (including any extension options the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise) qualifies. However, if a scaffolding lease has a 3-month term but the project requires 18 months of scaffolding, and the entity intends to renew monthly, the enforceable period may extend beyond 12 months depending on the legal and economic environment. Construction entities should establish clear policies for assessing short-term lease qualification and apply them consistently.

Worked Example: 24-Month Tower Crane Lease

A construction company leases a tower crane for a 24-month building project commencing 1 March 2025. Monthly payments are €3,500 payable in arrears. The company's IBR is 5.5%. There are mobilisation and demobilisation costs of €12,000 treated as initial direct costs.

Initial Liability
€79,410
Initial ROU Asset
€91,410
Total Interest
€4,590
Total Payments
€84,000

Audit Considerations

Construction entity auditors should focus on the interaction between IFRS 16 and IFRS 15, particularly how lease costs affect contract profitability and revenue recognition timing. The short-term lease exemption assessment requires documentation of the entity's policy and evidence supporting lease term determinations. ISA 540 considerations apply to lease term estimates.

Frequently Asked Questions — Construction

Can I use the short-term lease exemption for project equipment?
Yes, if the lease term (including reasonably certain renewals) is 12 months or less at commencement. For a crane hired for 3 months with no renewal option, the exemption applies. But if the lease has a 6-month term with monthly auto-renewals and the project runs for 18 months, assess whether you are reasonably certain to renew — if so, the lease term may exceed 12 months and the exemption is unavailable. The exemption is elected by class of underlying asset.
How do IFRS 16 lease costs feed into IFRS 15 contract revenue?
IFRS 16 depreciation and interest expense for equipment dedicated to a contract are included as contract costs under IFRS 15. If using an input method for measuring progress, these costs are part of the cost-to-cost calculation. This can affect the timing of revenue recognition compared to the previous treatment where operating lease payments were incurred evenly over the lease term. The total effect over the contract life is neutral, but periodic amounts differ.
How do I determine the lease term for equipment that moves between projects?
Assess each lease independently. If equipment is leased under a master agreement with project-by-project call-offs, each call-off may be a separate lease. If the equipment is under a single multi-year contract covering multiple projects, the full contract term is the lease term (subject to termination clauses). Consider the economic substance — who bears the risk of the equipment sitting idle between projects?
Should mobilisation and demobilisation costs be included in the ROU asset?
Mobilisation costs that are initial direct costs — incremental costs that would not have been incurred if the lease had not been obtained — are included in the initial ROU asset cost (IFRS 16.24(b)). Transport to site, erection, and testing costs for leased equipment typically qualify. Demobilisation costs may be part of a restoration obligation if the entity must return the site to its original condition.
How do joint venture and consortium arrangements affect IFRS 16 for construction?
If the construction entity participates in a joint operation (IFRS 11) where the JO holds leases, the entity recognises its share of the JO's assets and liabilities — including its share of ROU assets and lease liabilities. For joint ventures, the equity method is used and the JV's IFRS 16 balances are reflected in the investment balance. Assess whether the entity has direct rights and obligations under the lease or indirect exposure through the JV structure.